Brazil | Introduction to Coffee Bean Selection from Entry-Level Coffee Growing Regions

Brazil

Brazil, officially known as The Federative Republic of Brazil, shares borders with ten countries including Uruguay, Argentina, Peru, Colombia, and Bolivia. With a total land area of 8.5149 million square kilometers, it is the largest country in South America and the fifth-largest in the world. The country is divided into 26 states and one federal district, featuring advanced agriculture and a robust industrial foundation, making it the world's largest coffee producer.

The Brazilian flag features a green rectangular background with a yellow diamond in the center. Within the diamond lies a dark blue celestial globe, adorned with a white ribbon reading "Order and Progress" in Portuguese. The globe also displays white five-pointed stars representing the 26 administrative regions of the country. The positions of these stars correspond to their arrangement in the Rio de Janeiro sky at 8:50 PM on November 15, 1889, when the new government was established (Rio de Janeiro was originally the capital of Brazil before it was moved to Brasília). Green and yellow are Brazil's national colors, with green symbolizing the forests and yellow representing mineral resources and wealth.

Located in eastern South America, Brazil not only connects with multiple countries but also borders the South Atlantic Ocean to the east. The country's terrain is primarily divided into two major regions: the Brazilian Plateau, with altitudes above 500 meters and concentrated in the central and southern parts of the country, and plains with altitudes below 200 meters, mainly distributed in the northern and western Amazon River basin. The plateau covers 60% of the country's area and is home to three major river systems: the Amazon, Paraná, and São Francisco.

Most regions of Brazil experience tropical climates. The northern region has a tropical rainforest climate, the central region has a tropical savanna climate, while the southern region has a humid subtropical monsoon climate. The Amazon Plain maintains an average annual temperature of 25-28°C, while the southern region experiences average annual temperatures of 16-19°C.

Coffee Growing Regions

Brazil has 26 states, with 17 of them producing coffee. Four states—Paraná, São Paulo, Minas Gerais, and Espírito Santo—account for 90% of the total production. Arabica varieties constitute 80% of Brazil's total coffee production, with the remaining 20% being Robusta. The main cultivated varieties include Bourbon, Catuaí, Typica, and Mundo Novo, with harvesting periods from May to September.

Paraná: While some might consider this the southernmost coffee-growing region in the world, although the state occupies only 2.5% of Brazil's territory, it produces nearly 25% of the country's agricultural output. However, the state lacks high-altitude areas, with its highest elevation reaching only 950 meters, resulting in limited production of high-quality coffee.

São Paulo: This state is home to Brazil's renowned Mogiana coffee-growing region, with altitudes ranging from 900 to 1,100 meters. The terrain is uneven, and the red sandy soil is rich in minerals, making it highly suitable for coffee cultivation. FrontStreet Coffee offers a Queen's Estate coffee from the Mogiana region, which features Yellow Bourbon beans processed using the pulped natural method. When brewed using a KONO filter with a 1:15 ratio, it yields flavors of sugarcane sweetness, black tea, nuts, and chocolate, with a bright, smooth, and delicate texture.

Minas Gerais: Located in southeastern Brazil, this state boasts some of the country's highest mountains and is home to relatively famous sub-regions such as Cerrado and South Minas. Many coffee plantations in this state are quite large, so mechanical cultivation and harvesting are predominantly used. The state accounts for 30% of Brazil's Arabica production, with altitudes ranging from 700 to 1,350 meters.

Espírito Santo: Compared to other coffee-growing regions, this area is relatively small. The capital city, Victoria, serves as the main export port. This region grows 80% Robusta coffee, with only farmers in the southern part of the region tending to cultivate Arabica varieties. Altitudes range from 900 to 1,200 meters.

FrontStreet Coffee Brazil Introductory Selection Cerrado Red Bourbon Coffee Beans
Region: Cerrado
Altitude: 700-1200m
Variety: Red Bourbon
Processing: Pulped Natural
Flavor: Nuts, Dark Chocolate, Cream, Peanut, Caramel

This introductory selection Lintong Mandheling from FrontStreet Coffee is processed using the pulped natural method and dark roasted. FrontStreet Coffee uses a KONO filter with a 1:15 ratio and water at 88°C for brewing. The resulting cup offers notes of nuts, peanuts, and dark chocolate, with a creamy, rich texture, high sweetness, and overall balance.

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