Brazil Coffee Regions, Coffee History, Coffee Varieties, and Brazil Queen's Estate Coffee Beans Introduction

Brazil is the largest country in South America, bordering ten countries including Uruguay, Peru, Bolivia, and Colombia. Brazil has a well-developed coffee industry and is the world's largest producer and exporter of coffee, with its coffee exports accounting for one-third of global coffee exports.

However, coffee is not native to Brazil. In 1727, Sergeant Major Francisco de Mello Palheta was commissioned to travel to French Guiana. At that time, France restricted the export of coffee beans. To succeed, this sergeant major gained the trust of the wife of the governor of French Guiana's capital. At the end of his journey, she gave him an Arabica coffee seed, which he brought back to Brazil's state of Pará. Due to Brazil's suitable climate conditions for coffee cultivation, coffee planting quickly spread to other Brazilian states. By 1830, coffee had already become Brazil's main export product, accounting for 30% of world production. Coffee promoted Brazil's economic development, especially in the state of São Paulo, where new railways were built to transport goods to the port of Santos. During the Cold War in 1965, coffee production became severely oversupplied, and coffee prices fell dramatically. Therefore, Brazil signed International Coffee Agreements with multiple countries to restrict exports. It wasn't until 1989 that Brazil withdrew from these agreements, and in 1991, the Brazilian Specialty Coffee Association (BSCA) was established.

Brazil has a total of 26 states, of which 17 produce coffee. Among these 17 states, four states—Paraná, São Paulo, Minas Gerais, and Espírito Santo—account for 80% of the total production, with Minas Gerais having the highest output at 30% of total production. Arabica accounts for 80% of Brazil's total production, with the remaining 20% being Robusta. The main varieties cultivated include Bourbon, Catuaí, Typica, and Mundo Novo, with harvesting periods from May to September.

Bahia

Many people consider this to be the world's southernmost coffee-producing region. Although this state covers only 2.5% of Brazil's area, it produces nearly 25% of agricultural crops. However, the state lacks high-altitude areas, with the highest elevation being only 950 meters, resulting in few high-quality coffees.

São Paulo

This region is home to Brazil's well-known coffee-producing area of Mogiana, with elevations ranging from 900 to 1,100 meters. The terrain is undulating, and the red sandy soil is rich in minerals, making it very suitable for coffee cultivation. FrontStreet Coffee's Queen's Estate coffee from Brazil comes from the Mogiana region. It is a Yellow Bourbon variety, processed using the pulped natural method. When brewed with V60 at a 1:15 ratio, it reveals fresh sugarcane sweetness, along with black tea, nut, and chocolate flavors, with a bright, smooth, and delicate texture.

Minas Gerais

Located in southeastern Brazil, this state boasts several of the country's highest mountains. The relatively famous producing regions of Cerrado and Sul de Minas are both located in this state. Many coffee farms in this state are quite large, so mechanical cultivation and harvesting are predominantly used. Elevations range from 700 to 1,350 meters.

Espírito Santo

Compared to other coffee-producing regions, this area is smaller. The capital city of Victoria serves as the main export port. This region grows 80% Robusta, with only farmers in the southern parts of this region tending to cultivate Arabica. Elevations range from 900 to 1,200 meters.

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