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Are Nicaraguan Coffee Beans Acidic? The Impact of Coffee Leaf Rust on Nicaraguan Coffee

Published: 2026-01-27 Author: FrontStreet Coffee

Last Updated: 2026/01/27, Professional Coffee Knowledge Exchange For more coffee bean information, please follow Coffee Workshop (WeChat public account: cafe_style) FrontStreet Coffee - Introduction to Nicaraguan Coffee Nicaragua is located in the central part of Central America, bordering Honduras to the north, Costa Rica to the south, the Caribbean Sea to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the west, with a total area of 130,400 square kilometers. The north-central region of Nicaragua is highland; the eastern part is coastal plain.

FrontStreet Coffee - Introduction to Nicaraguan Coffee

Nicaragua is located in the central region of Central America, bordering Honduras to the north, Costa Rica to the south, the Caribbean Sea to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the west, with a total area of 130,400 square kilometers. The north-central part of Nicaragua consists of highlands; the eastern part is a coastal plain with dense jungle swamps and low, flat terrain; the western part consists of coastal lowlands with numerous volcanoes and lakes to the east. The Nicaraguan plains have high temperatures and abundant rainfall, featuring a tropical marine climate; the western coastal lowlands receive significantly less precipitation than the eastern region and have distinct dry and wet seasons, characterized by a tropical savanna climate; the central highlands have an average annual temperature of 18°C and annual precipitation of 1,500-2,500 millimeters, with the rainy season lasting from May to December.

Nicaragua is an economically underdeveloped agricultural nation and one of the poorest countries in Central America. Coffee is Nicaragua's pillar industry, producing nearly 100,000 tons of coffee beans annually. Due to a poor economic foundation, the coffee industry remains relatively underdeveloped, with both production and reputation considerably weaker compared to its neighbor Costa Rica. However, high-quality Nicaraguan coffee ranks among the world's finest coffee beans and enjoys an excellent reputation.

In the 2013/2014 season, Nicaragua faced an outbreak of coffee leaf rust, a fungal disease that affects coffee leaf growth, which reduced coffee production by approximately 25%. To address this issue, the Nicaraguan government coordinated with the private sector and passed a law (Law No. 853) in December 2013, establishing a fund to transform Nicaragua's coffee industry for financing the renovation and maintenance of coffee plantations in the coming years. One of the long-term goals of Nicaragua's coffee sector is to double coffee production within the next decade by renovating old coffee plantations.

Nicaragua's growing conditions are no less favorable than those of other Central American countries. The coffee produced there is characterized by its balanced flavor profile. Surprisingly, coffee from small farms exhibits a clean and bright quality similar to Costa Rican coffee when lightly roasted, with delicate and soft acidity. When dark roasted, it reveals the sweet, rich, and mellow characteristics of Colombian coffee.

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