Introduction to South American Coffee Origins|Brazil Coffee - The World's Largest Coffee Producer

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FrontStreet Coffee - Brazilian Coffee Introduction

Brazil is the world's largest coffee producer, with coffee primarily grown in plain or highland tropical savanna climate zones. The average annual temperature is approximately 20°C. The excellent climate and predominantly flat geographical conditions allow Brazil to cultivate coffee on a large scale, using mechanical harvesting of coffee cherries. As one might imagine, the production volume is naturally astonishing.

Coffee History

Brazilian coffee was introduced to Brazil from French Guiana in the 1720s. A Portuguese captain from Brazil, Francisco Palheta, won the favor of the governor's wife of Cayenne, the capital of French Guiana at the time, successfully bringing coffee seeds into Brazil. Since then, coffee adapted rapidly in Brazil, spreading from the north to the southeastern state of São Paulo. By 1845, Brazilian coffee beans already accounted for 45% of the world's total coffee bean production and became the primary economic source for São Paulo state.

Flavor Characteristics of Brazilian Beans

Brazilian coffee is grown at altitudes of approximately 400-1600 meters, with relatively low elevation compared to Central American coffee. This results in Brazilian coffee beans having lower density, leading to flavors that may not be as premium as many high-altitude growing regions. Brazilian coffee has simple flavors, with a smooth, balanced mouthfeel, nutty aromas, grassy notes, and chocolate characteristics, without excessive acidity or bitterness. Therefore, it is often used for espresso blends. However, the coastal Rio (Rio) coffee even carries iodine and salty flavors, which are believed to result from certain microbial activity. However, even when cultivated in the same soil, this flavor is not necessarily produced every year.

Varieties

Brazil cultivates numerous coffee varieties, with Red Bourbon, Yellow Bourbon, Mundo Novo, and Catuai currently being the main varieties. Catuai, Acacia, Obatã, Aramosa, and Laurina are also cultivated and researched.

Coffee Growing Regions

Brazil has 26 states, with 17 states producing coffee. However, 7 of these states have the largest production, accounting for 98% of the country's total production.

The 7 states are: São Paulo (Mogiana, Centro-Oeste), Paraná (Norte Pionerio do Paraná), Bahia (Planalto da Bahia, Cerrado da Bahia, Atlântico Baiano), Espírito Santo (Montanhas do Espírito Santo, Conilon Capixaba), Minas Gerais (Sul de Minas, Cerrado Mineiro, Chapada de Minas, Matas de Minas), Rondônia, and Rio de Janeiro.

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