Where Are Arabica Coffee Beans Grown - Rich and Delicate Flavor with Smooth Texture

FrontStreet Coffee - Introduction to Arabica Coffee Beans

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In the process of learning about coffee, we often hear people say that Arabica coffee beans have better taste and should be chosen, in contrast to the less reputable Robusta beans. Why do most specialty coffee shops use Arabica coffee? Why is Arabica coffee so favored?

Ethiopia is indeed recognized as the birthplace of Arabica coffee beans, but surprisingly, the country's coffee production accounts for only 2%-3% of its GDP. The reason is not difficult to understand: there are 35 million hectares of land suitable for coffee cultivation within the country, but the actual cultivated area is less than 400,000 hectares. The Ethiopian government is working to reduce the country's economic dependence on coffee, encouraging farmers to plant other crops with higher yields that can be harvested year-round. However, this policy needs time to show results, and coffee remains the country's most important crop at present.

Characteristics of Arabica Coffee

Arabica coffee beans account for about 70% of global production. They have excellent aroma and flavor, making them the only coffee variety among native species that can be consumed directly. However, Arabica species have higher requirements for environment and cultivation - they are not resistant to drought, frost, pests and diseases, especially leaf rust (the plague of coffee), which can cause large-scale crop failures in coffee plantations.

The main origins of Arabica are Central America, South America, Africa (mainly in Ethiopia, Kenya and other East African countries), Asia (mainly in Indonesia, Vietnam and other Southeast Asian countries), and Hawaii in the United States. Arabica coffee trees are suitable for growing in cooler high-altitude tropical areas. They particularly like to grow on steep mountain slopes, especially in terrain with large temperature differences between day and night, appropriate sunlight and shade, and frequent morning fog, which can produce high-quality Arabica beans.

Sufficient humidity and moisture, along with fertile volcanic soil rich in organic matter, create an excellent coffee growing environment. The main coffee-producing areas are concentrated in tropical countries between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn, with coffee quality north of the equator generally superior to that south of the equator.

Flavor Profile

Arabica beans belong to the small-grain variety, with a flat oval shape. They have a fragrant and rich aroma, delicate and full-bodied flavor, pleasant acidity, smooth texture, and less bitterness.

Knowledge Point: Most coffee grows in the equatorial zone between 25° north and south of the Tropics. The coffee growing belt and country of origin have a huge impact on its flavor.

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