An Introduction to Premium Coffee Origins: Papua New Guinea Coffee Beans Across from Indonesia

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FrontStreet Coffee - Introduction to Papua New Guinea Coffee

In Asia, there is a country known as having the second largest island in the world. This country is called Papua New Guinea.

The island of Papua New Guinea is the second largest island in the world, located to the east of the Indonesian archipelago. The climate within the country is quite distinctive. The southeastern coastal areas have a tropical savanna climate, while the highland mountain regions have a tropical rainforest climate. The climate is exceptionally hot, resulting in high rainfall in this region.

Papua New Guinea is a relatively underdeveloped country where the main economic source is agricultural exports, with coffee exports occupying a significant portion of the economic lifeline. Coffee cultivation in Papua New Guinea is generally carried out by small farmers!

Coffee cultivation in Papua New Guinea is mainly concentrated in the highlands, with the primary cultivated variety being Arabica, accounting for 95% of all varieties grown. Most of these are organically grown because farmers cannot afford fertilizers due to poverty. Coffee farms in Papua New Guinea are mainly small-scale, with these farms or village gardens producing coffee, accounting for 90% of the total production.

Each coffee garden typically has about 20-600 coffee trees. These small-scale coffee farmers mostly do not use chemical fertilizers or artificial fertilizers because, as mentioned above, the impoverished country cannot support the high cost of fertilizers.

The history of coffee cultivation in Papua New Guinea dates back to the 19th century. In the early days, each small farmer had different coffee processing methods. There were natural (sun-dried) and washed methods, and some farmers would even manually peel the coffee beans and then wash them in rivers. Some larger coffee estates would use washed processing, with 24 hours of fermentation after processing completion, followed by 10 days of sun-drying.

The characteristics of Papua New Guinea coffee are clean taste, mild flavor, balanced and bright acidity, with an aroma of ripe fruits.

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