What Varieties Are Peruvian Coffee Beans and Which Peruvian Coffee Brands Are Better

FrontStreet Coffee - Introduction to Peruvian Coffee

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Coffee cultivation in Peru is primarily distributed across the northern Cajamarca region, southern Cusco, and the Norte area. 70% of the cultivated coffee varieties are Typica, 20% are Caturra, with the remainder consisting of other varieties such as Catimor. 75% of coffee growing areas are located at altitudes between approximately 1,000-1,800 meters, while plants grown in shaded areas reach 2,000 plants per hectare. Agriculture is mainly carried out by small farmers, with organic coffee cultivation covering 90,000 hectares.

As currently the world's eighth largest coffee-producing country, Peru has discovered over the past decade that organic coffee has tremendous business opportunities in Europe and America. Coffee cultivation in Peru's mountainous regions lacks running water and electricity facilities. Impoverished indigenous farmers have traditionally practiced organic cultivation and至今仍无力购买、也不会使用农药和化肥. The authorities have leveraged this to develop the organic coffee industry, providing government guidance and certification, issuing organic certificates to qualified producers to facilitate exports.

Peru's organic coffee production costs are low, making it the world's largest and cheapest organic coffee exporter. The other two major organic coffee-producing countries are Mexico and Ethiopia, but their prices are higher. The authorities aim to develop Peru into the world's premier organic coffee country, similar to how Vietnam is the world's largest Robusta producer, but this low-price strategy has caused dissatisfaction among many producing countries.

Although Peru sells organic coffee at low prices, this does not mean that specialty coffee has disappeared. At the 2010 SCAA "Coffee of the Year" cupping competition, Typica coffee produced by Cecovasa from the small town of Tunkimayo in the Puno region of southeastern Peru scored 89.2 points, narrowly defeating the renowned Geisha from Panama's Hacienda La Esmeralda to win fifth place.

Peruvian coffee beans, particularly those from the central Chanchamayo and southern Cusco regions, are the most famous. Additionally, some areas in northern Peru also produce distinctive organic coffees. Organic coffee uses beans grown under tree shade. Although the shade-growing method results in lower coffee bean yields, the quality can reach the level of premium coffee.

The shade provided by trees can slow down the maturation of coffee trees, help coffee grow fully, enable it to contain more natural ingredients, cultivate superior flavors, and reduce caffeine content.

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