What Are the Types of Arabica Coffee - The Turbulent Journey of Bourbon Coffee Origin from Yemen

FrontStreet Coffee - Bourbon Variety Introduction

Coffee beans can be broadly divided into varieties such as Arabica and Robusta.

Today, we mainly introduce the Arabica variety. The flavor of this coffee is much more refined than other types of coffee, and currently, the world's specialty coffee is mainly Arabica coffee beans.

Among all coffees worldwide, Arabica accounts for about 70% of total production and holds significant commercial value.

Arabica spread from the Arabian Peninsula to various parts of the world. Depending on the route of dissemination, sub-varieties such as Typica and Bourbon emerged, and subsequently, many branched varieties were produced due to mutations and crossbreeding.

Bourbon is a variety of coffee tree, belonging to a branch of Arabica. It is named according to the color of the coffee fruit when mature, such as red, yellow, orange, and pink Bourbon. Among these, orange Bourbon has relatively low production, while pink Bourbon's production is extremely rare.

The name Bourbon originates from "Réunion Island." The French made three attempts in 1708, 1715, and 1718 to introduce coffee from Yemen to Bourbon Island (now Réunion Island); however, the coffee that survived and propagated was from the second and third transplantations.

In 1841, a French missionary established a church in the French territory of Réunion Island. After leaving Réunion Island, he went to Zanzibar, Bagamoyo, St. Augustine, Bula, and several other African countries to establish new churches, and planted coffee from Réunion Island in each church. From then on, "Bourbon coffee" also existed on the African continent.

After 1900, French missionaries introduced Bourbon coffee from Bourbon Island to Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda, and other places. Nowadays, Bourbon coffee has become a major force in high-quality coffee worldwide.

Slightly different from red-tipped coffee Typica, Bourbon coffee has green tips, wide leaves with wavy edges, and yields 30% more than Typica coffee. The beans are more round and short, with rich berry acidity, prominent creaminess and aroma, strong acidic fragrance, and noticeable fruity acidity. However, it shares the same problem of poor disease resistance.

Knowledge Point: Most coffee grows in the equatorial zone between 25° north and south of the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. The coffee growing belt and country of origin have a huge impact on its flavor.

FrontStreet Coffee's Mission

In short: FrontStreet Coffee is a coffee research center, happy to share knowledge about coffee with everyone. We share without reservation just to help more friends fall in love with coffee. Every month, there are three low-discount coffee activities because FrontStreet Coffee wants to let more friends drink the best coffee at the lowest price. This has been FrontStreet Coffee's mission for the past 6 years!

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