Types of Arabica Beans: Yunnan Typica Coffee Beans with Fragrant but Not Bitter Taste and Smooth Fruity Acidity

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FrontStreet Coffee - Arabica Varieties and Yunnan Typica Introduction

The Arabica species originated from Typica coffee beans from Martinique Island and Bourbon coffee beans from Réunion Island, forming the numerous varieties we see today.

Among the coffee trees shipped to Réunion Island, some species underwent accidental genetic variations (mutations), giving rise to Bourbon coffee beans. Although this variety gained recognition, similar genetic mutations continued to occur, producing some new varieties. A representative variety is Caturra, a mutated variety of Bourbon coffee beans, characterized by early maturity and high yield, widely cultivated in Central and South America. Additionally, Maragogipe, the largest fruit variety among Arabica species, is also a variety produced through genetic mutation.

Different variety combinations (hybridization) can also produce new varieties. Mundo Novo, cultivated in Brazil, is a variety produced through natural hybridization between Sumatra (a subspecies of Typica) and Bourbon. Catuai, produced from the combination of Mundo Novo and Caturra, is an artificially hybridized variety. When artificially hybridizing coffee tree varieties, before flowering, the stamens must be removed in advance to prevent pollen from reaching the pistil (this process is called "emasculation"). Hybrid varieties such as Colombia, Icatu, and Ruiru 11 are all artificially hybridized varieties.

Geisha coffee beans, which have gained widespread attention since 2006, originally grew quietly in the Geisha region of Ethiopia until they were exported to other regions in 1960. Like Typica, it is an ancient variety, with Panamanian Geisha coffee being the most famous. It was produced at CATIE (Tropical Agricultural Research Center) in Costa Rica and is widely loved for its unique aroma similar to Mocha.

Typica green beans have slightly curved ends and an oval shape. From the side, the bean body appears thin and flat. Even when cultivated at different altitudes, the thickness difference on the side of the green beans won't vary significantly.

Unlike other bean varieties, Typica coffee fruits are cone-shaped. Typica coffee is of extremely high quality and therefore very popular among plantations worldwide. When properly cultivated, Typica coffee offers high sweetness, pure flavor, and pleasant acidity. Yunnan Typica features Asian herbal plant aroma, lively and bright acidity, mouth-watering sensation, balanced soft acidity and richness, rich layers, with distinct afternotes of dark chocolate, honey, and cane sugar. When completely cooled, it reveals brown sugar flavors.

Yunnan Typica coffee is the oldest variety in Yunnan and is extremely rare. Size: 17 screen and above, altitude: 1200 meters and above, fruit acidity: relatively strong, characteristics: fresh coffee green beans of the season, fragrant and rich, delicate and smooth taste, good fruit acidity, an extremely personalized premium product.

Knowledge Point: Mundo Novo: Belongs to the natural hybrid variety of Bourbon and Sumatra Typica, first discovered in Brazil, hailed as the new hope of Brazil's coffee industry, hence named "New World" variety.

Conclusion

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