Introduction to the Characteristics of Jamaica's Blue Mountain Coffee and Famous Varieties of Typica

FrontStreet Coffee - Introduction to Blue Mountain Coffee Characteristics

Blue Mountain Coffee is one of the world's finest coffees, with limited production that makes it precious due to its rarity. The Blue Mountain range is located in the eastern part of Jamaica. When the weather is clear, the mountain reflects the brilliant blue light from the surrounding Caribbean Sea, hence its name. The highest peak of Blue Mountain reaches 2,256 meters, making it the highest peak in the Caribbean region and a famous tourist destination.

This area is situated in the coffee belt, with fertile volcanic soil, fresh air free from pollution, and a humid climate with year-round fog and rainfall (average precipitation of 1,980 mm and temperature around 27°C). Such climate conditions have created the world-renowned Jamaica Blue Mountain Coffee, which also commands the highest price in the world. This coffee possesses all the characteristics of fine coffee - not only is it rich and mellow in flavor, but due to the perfect balance of sweetness, acidity, and bitterness, it has no bitter taste at all, only a moderate and perfect acidity.

There are three varieties of coffee in Jamaica: Jamaica Blue Mountain Coffee, Jamaica High Mountain Supreme Coffee Beans, and Jamaica Prime Coffee Beans. Both Blue Mountain Coffee and High Mountain Coffee are further divided into four grades each.

Classified by quality from highest to lowest: NO.1, NO.2, NO.3, and PB (Peaberry). According to CIB standards, only coffee grown at elevations above 666 meters can be called Jamaica Blue Mountain Coffee; coffee produced below 666 meters in the Blue Mountain region is called High Mountain Coffee; and coffee grown outside the Blue Mountain range is called Jamaica Coffee. There was once a common misconception among Chinese coffee professionals that only coffee grown in the Blue Mountain area above 1,800 meters could be called Blue Mountain Coffee.

Jamaica Blue Mountain Coffee is a high-quality, low-yield Typica variety, belonging to the finest Arabica species. The harvest period is from June to November each year, typically using hand-picking methods. After harvesting, the coffee beans undergo washing, pulping, fermentation, dehydration, drying, hulling, and roasting processes to obtain premium Blue Mountain Coffee roasted beans.

During the green bean processing, each step is monitored by dedicated quality control personnel. For the precious Blue Mountain Coffee, the Jamaican government also uses distinctive packaging and transportation methods. Unlike other coffees packaged in 60kg burlap bags, Blue Mountain Coffee is packaged in wooden barrels at 70kg per barrel. Jamaica is also the last country that still uses traditional wooden barrels for coffee packaging and transportation.

Did you know? Brazil, the world's largest coffee exporter, produces 30 million bags of coffee annually, while Blue Mountain Coffee produces only about 40,000 bags per year.

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