Is Yunnan Catimor Coffee Good? Introduction to Catimor Coffee Characteristics

FrontStreet Coffee - Brief Introduction to Yunnan Coffee Catimor Characteristics

Yunnan Small Bean Coffee

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Yunnan Small Bean Coffee, belonging to the Rubiaceae family and Coffea genus, is mainly distributed in regions such as Lincang, Baoshan, Simao, Xishuangbanna, and Dehong. Yunnan coffee is a variant of the Arabica original species, formed through long-term cultivation and domestication, generally known as Yunnan Small Bean Coffee. Locals also call round beans "monocellular beans," and small bean coffee originates from Ethiopia or the Arabian Peninsula.

Varieties

Typica

Typica: The oldest native variety from Ethiopia, produced in Ethiopia and southeastern Sudan. All Arabica varieties derive from Typica. It has elegant flavor but weak constitution, poor disease resistance, and low fruit yield. Excellent estate beans such as Jamaica Blue Mountain, Sumatra Mandheling, and Hawaii Kona all belong to Typica. Typica has bronze-colored top leaves, known as red-top coffee, and belongs to the Arabica species.

Catimor

Catimor: In 1959, the Portuguese crossbred Brazil's Caturra with Timor to cultivate the disease-resistant Catimor, which is currently an important commercial variety. East Timor was colonized by Portugal for four hundred years, and the Portuguese had long been exposed to East Timor's coffee trees. In 1959, the Portuguese moved Brazil's Bourbon mutant Caturra to East Timor and crossbred it with Timor, which has Robusta lineage, successfully cultivating Catimor with superior disease resistance and productivity.

Between 1970 and 1990, leaf rust disease devastated coffee-producing countries worldwide. With the assistance of international organizations, coffee-producing countries vigorously promoted Catimor to resist leaf rust and increase productivity. However, while Catimor inherited Robusta's strong disease resistance, it also inherited genes for poor flavor. Additionally, although early Catimor had high productivity, it required shade trees to thrive, otherwise it would easily wither.

Currently, most coffee planted in Yunnan is Catimor. This variety is a hybrid between Caturra (a branch of the Bourbon lineage within Arabica) and Robusta. The reason for planting this variety is that Catimor possesses Robusta genes, making it more disease-resistant than single old varieties, and it also has higher yields. Compared to delicate old varieties with poor disease resistance and low productivity, Catimor is more advantageous.

Yunnan Catimor has a relatively balanced flavor, with base notes of nuts and brown sugar.

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