Introduction to Nicaragua's Four Major Coffee Producing Regions: Segovia's Coffee Growing History and Flavor Characteristics

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Excellence of Nicaraguan Coffee

Premium Nicaraguan coffee ranks among the finest in the world, celebrated for its mild, delightful flavor, medium-sized beans, and exceptional aroma. In many countries, coffee production has been severely affected by political reasons, and Nicaragua's coffee industry was no exception. The 1979 revolution forced coffee plantation owners to flee to Miami. This was followed by a period of uncertainty as the government considered whether to redistribute land (including many plantations), which led to insufficient coffee supply and declining production, dropping from over 1 million bags in the early 1970s to less than 600,000 bags by 1990.

Now the government has opened up the coffee industry, with private owners controlling the market. Premium Nicaraguan coffee is grown in the northern and central parts of the country, with the finest coffee produced in Matagalpa, Jinotega, and Nuevo Segovia. Premium Nicaraguan coffee is classified as Central Strictly High Altura coffee, featuring moderate acidity, delightful aroma, and excellent flavor that makes it highly cherished. Lower quality coffee beans are widely used in coffee blends.

Nueva Segovia Region

Nueva Segovia is one of three specialty coffee-producing regions in northern Nicaragua near Honduras. In recent years, coffee estates located in Nueva Segovia have performed remarkably well in COE (Cup of Excellence) competitions.

Regional Characteristics

The northeastern part of Nueva Segovia features cool temperatures with terrain consisting of steep mountains and jungles. The coffee exhibits high acidity, small fruit size, moderate sweetness, and features flavors of dark chocolate, cream, citrus, coconut, peach, raisin, and cherry. The acidity of this coffee is very similar to mulberry. Altitude ranges from 1,500 to 2,000 meters.

Farming and Processing

Farms in the Nueva Segovia region are typically small-scale, with the main distribution model being selling parchment coffee to agricultural cooperatives or processing plants. Among these, the Florencia processing plant stands out for purchasing high-quality fruit at relatively high prices corresponding to their quality. Because of this, farmers are willing to sell their high-quality fruit to Florencia. Different quality grades are sent to other processing plants respectively.

Of course, the reason for choosing Florencia is not just about the purchase price, but rather that the management of the Florencia processing plant, led by its director, values relationships with "farmers who grow excellent cup-quality coffee and are trustworthy" as their highest priority, and also provides cultivation guidance. The mutual trust relationship and guidance, combined with the purchase prices, enable this processing plant to gather high-quality fruit. Further processing of the fruit is also conducted under very strict quality management and related cupping quality control.

Although the Florencia processing plant is relatively new, having been established for only 4 years, it has implemented cultivation techniques and management methods learned in Costa Rica, achieving qualities that Nicaraguan coffee previously did not possess.

About FrontStreet Coffee

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