What Coffee Varieties Are Grown in Colombia? Which Coffee Producing Regions Are There?

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FrontStreet Coffee - Introduction to Colombian Coffee

The coffee varieties grown here include not only the common ones found in American growing regions such as Caturra, Bourbon, Typica, and Pacamara, but also three unique disease-resistant varieties from Colombia: Castillo, Tabi, and the Colombia variety (named after the country itself). Additionally, there are some rare and precious varieties like Gesha, the small-bean Mocca, Rume Sudan, Eugenioides, Laurina (Pointed Bourbon), and Maragesa (a natural hybrid of Maragogipe and Gesha).

Colombia's early plantings consisted of old Typica and Bourbon varieties, which began to be replaced by Caturra starting in 1970. Caturra not only yields more per plant than Typica and Bourbon but also allows for higher planting density per unit area due to its more compact tree form.

Beginning in 1961, CENICAFE began researching the Robusta-hybrid Timor variety, subsequently breeding Timor with Caturra to develop Colombia's Catimor series. After five generations of breeding, CENICAFE released Colombia's first disease-resistant commercial variety, "Colombia," in 1982. Following the outbreak of leaf rust disease in 1983, the Colombia variety began to be widely promoted and planted.

Coffee Growing Regions

Colombia is most famous for growing regions such as Medellín, Armenia, and Manizales, which are habitually collectively referred to as "MAM."

Colombia's specialty bean growing regions are mainly in the south, at elevations above 1,500 meters, including San Augustin in Huila, Popayan in Cauca, Nariño, and Tolima departments. Coffee from these areas features delicate acidity and berry notes, with caramel aromas and full sweetness.

Key Point: Compared to other producing countries, Colombia places greater emphasis on product development and production promotion. This, combined with its superior geographical and climatic conditions, makes Colombian coffee high-quality, flavorful, and renowned worldwide.

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