Asian Coffee Bean Growing Regions | Introduction to the Characteristics, Flavor, and Taste Profile of Yunnan-Grown Coffee Beans

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FrontStreet Coffee - Asian Coffee Growing Region: Introduction to Yunnan Small Bean Coffee

In 1892, Yunnan small bean coffee arrived in mainland China. Since then, this exotic species has flourished on this magical Eastern land, with over a century of cultivation history. From initially satisfying the tastes of missionaries to becoming a regional economic crop, coffee in China has experienced more than just adoption and imitation. Through continuous exploration, cultivation, and improvement, coffee varieties suitable for China's geographical environment have emerged.

In terms of flavor profile, Yunnan small bean coffee is relatively neutral - neither too acidic nor too bitter. It's truly a coffee that is fragrant without bitterness, rich without intensity, with a comfortable slight acidity, making it quite suitable for popular taste preferences. If you prefer fruity acidity, you should specifically select Yunnan small bean coffee grown at high altitudes with a lighter roast degree. These beans have high acidity and weak bitterness. If you simply don't like acidity, then choose deeply roasted beans, though the bitterness will be somewhat higher.

Yunnan's Gaoligong Mountains is a beautiful place with an average altitude of about 3,500 meters. The Gaoligong Mountain range spans five latitudes and is the only place on Earth that still preserves large transitional areas from humid tropical forests to temperate forests. It's an extremely precious and rare region with outstanding biodiversity.

Yunnan small bean coffee grows in mountainous areas at altitudes of 800-1,800 meters. There couldn't be a more suitable place than such a land of outstanding people and spiritual beauty. Here, Yunnan's unique small bean coffee is cultivated. Due to the unique geographical environment and special climate, the small bean coffee grown here is of higher quality compared to other small bean coffees.

Yunnan's small bean coffee is mainly the Typica variety of Arabica native species. Since Typica has poor disease resistance and is susceptible to leaf rust, its growth must be constantly monitored, with meticulous care given to every leaf. Due to Typica's low yield, another variety was added to Yunnan's small bean coffee: Catimor. Catimor is a combination of Arabica and Robusta species. Robusta has good leaf rust resistance, rich oils, high yield, and is easy to cultivate. After hybridizing with Arabica's Typica, Catimor gained 25% Robusta genes. It improved leaf rust resistance, retained rich oils, while also maintaining some of the rich flavors of the native Typica variety. Therefore, most Yunnan estates began large-scale cultivation of Catimor, while the cultivation range of Typica began to shrink.

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In Brief:

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