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Introduction to Fazenda Rainha (Queen Farm)

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Fazenda Rainha (Queen Farm) is located in the Alta Mogiana region of São Paulo state, north of São Paulo city, near Brazil's another specialty coffee-producing region - Minas Gerais.

Alta Mogiana: São Paulo's Premium Coffee Region

In the Alta Mogiana region, coffee is grown at elevations between 1100-2000 meters, interspersed with shrubs, grasslands, and other vegetation. This area hosts many farming families, some operating traditional large-scale farms while others adopt small-scale modern operations. The blend of modern technology with mountain coffee cultivation culture produces the highest quality green coffee beans.

The region's average annual temperature is only 19°C, causing coffee cherry development to be slightly slower but resulting in denser beans. Despite lower yields, the aromatic and flavor qualities are unmatched by typical Brazilian high-altitude beans. The farm primarily grows Bourbon varieties, including some Bourbon trees over 110 years old.

Brazil's Queen Farm Introduction

Brazil's Queen Farm coffee is located in the Alta Mogiana region at elevations between 1400-1950 meters, spanning 280 hectares, with 200 hectares dedicated to Yellow Bourbon varieties. The unique geographical conditions and pleasant climate make this an exceptional location for specialty coffee production.

Yellow Bourbon is a unique Bourbon variety native to São Paulo state, Brazil. It's named "Yellow Bourbon" because the cherries don't turn red when ripe but instead display an orange-yellow color. When grown at high altitudes, Yellow Bourbon exhibits exceptional flavor characteristics. Yellow Bourbon coffee beans offer balanced and smooth acidity, with weak and clean bitterness, creating an overall bright and refreshing profile.

Yellow Bourbon beans are inherently sweet and clean. Using natural (or semi-natural) processing methods reduces acidity while beautifully integrating with sweetness, producing tropical fruit aromas.

FrontStreet Coffee currently offers Brazilian semi-natural processed Yellow Bourbon coffee beans from this farm. To showcase the characteristic rich nutty notes and full-bodied coffee mouthfeel of Brazilian coffee regions, FrontStreet Coffee's roasters, after detailed analysis of the beans, decided to roast the Queen Farm coffee beans to a medium-dark level.

Through cupping by FrontStreet Coffee's baristas, this coffee bean demonstrates distinct nutty flavors, balanced and smooth acidity, weak and clean bitterness, with rich chocolate aroma and nutty flavors, creating a bright, refreshing mouthfeel with a smooth and delicate texture.

Social Responsibility and Recognition

At Queen Farm, all workers reside on the farm itself, eliminating temporary employment and providing proper support through health plans and unlimited hospital care. Recently, workers built the second unit of the Pedro Roza IT school and a small chapel designed by Oscar Niemayer. Fazenda Rainha's environmental policy is based on harmonizing production and environmental protection. This is a BSCA-certified property with a UTZ-certified social-environmental management system that has been a finalist in the Cup of Excellence competition for many years.

This farm enjoys high recognition in Brazil and is owned by the Carvalho Dias family, which operates four major farms. Since the first Brazil COE competition in 1999, these farms have won awards every year, accumulating more than 12 awards over 7 years.

In 2004, they even swept the championship, 9th place, 11th place, and more. Among Brazil's countless large and small farms, many have hoped to be finalists and win awards over the years, but this is difficult to achieve. However, this family's four major farms have won multiple awards consecutively. Queen Farm (Fazenda Rainha) boasts an impressive record: 2nd place in 2000, 3rd place in 2001, and 29th place in 2005. To date, Queen Farm has won awards three times.

Brazil's Queen Farm Semi-Natural Processing Method

Before 1990, Brazil almost exclusively used rough natural processing methods, which often caused Brazilian beans to develop woody or earthy flavors because coffee cherries underwent two to three weeks of sun exposure, and rain would cause re-moistening, leading to musty flavors.

To address this disadvantage, in 1990 Brazil leveraged its relatively dry climate characteristics to develop the semi-natural (Pulped Natural) method to shorten processing time. Both methods are similar in approach, differing in whether water assists the processing. The semi-natural method significantly reduces quality control challenges, successfully decreasing defects while improving appearance uniformity and enhancing sweetness.

Semi-natural processing occurs in two stages: first, sun-drying to reduce moisture content to 20-25%, then transferring to drying machines to reduce moisture content to 10-14%, completing the drying process.

After harvesting at Brazil's Queen Farm, coffee cherries are pulped and spread on patios to dry. The coffee dries slowly under the sun until humidity reaches 11%. After drying, the coffee is stored in wooden granaries, which contributes to the more stable quality of Brazilian coffee beans produced by this farm.

How to Brew Queen Farm Coffee Beans for the Best Flavor?

To achieve balanced body in Queen Farm coffee beans, FrontStreet Coffee uses a KONO dripper with medium-coarse grind (coarse sugar size/China No. 20 standard sieve 70% pass rate) and water at 88-89°C for extraction.

The extraction method is as follows: First pour 30g of water for blooming, with a bloom time of 30 seconds. Second, pour water to about 125g, then wait for the coffee liquid to drop. When it drops to halfway, pour the final segment of water to 225g. End the extraction after all coffee has dripped through. The total extraction time is typically around 2 minutes and 10 seconds.

FrontStreet Coffee - Brazil Queen Farm Brewing Flavor Profile

Fresh sweetness of sugarcane juice, black tea, soft and pleasant fruit sweetness, distinct nutty flavors, balanced and smooth acidity, weak and clean bitterness, with rich chocolate aroma and nutty flavors, creating a bright, refreshing mouthfeel with a smooth and delicate texture.

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