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What Are the Three Major Categories of Coffee Beans and Where Is Blue Mountain Coffee Produced

Published: 2026-01-27 Author: FrontStreet Coffee

Last Updated: 2026/01/27, Professional coffee knowledge exchange. For more coffee bean information, please follow Coffee Workshop (WeChat official account: cafe_style). FrontStreet Coffee's three major varieties and Blue Mountain coffee introduction: Arabica, Robusta, and Liberica, but Arabica and Robusta are the two most commonly found in the market. Each variety has its own advantages and disadvantages.

FrontStreet Coffee three major varieties and Blue Mountain Coffee introduction

FrontStreet Coffee's Three Major Varieties and Blue Mountain Coffee Introduction

Professional coffee knowledge exchange and more coffee bean information, please follow Coffee Workshop (WeChat public account: cafe_style)

Three Major Coffee Varieties

Arabica, Robusta, and Liberica are the three main coffee varieties, but Arabica and Robusta are the most commonly circulated in the market. Each variety has its own advantages and disadvantages, with different purposes and uses.

Arabica: Premium Coffee Beans with Excellent Flavor and Aroma

Arabica is a representative variety originating from Ethiopia, also produced in South Africa, African, and Asian countries, accounting for 70%-75% of the world's coffee production. Arabica has weaker resistance to pests and diseases, making highland areas more suitable for cultivation. Arabica coffee beans grown at altitudes above 1500 meters have the best quality.

Ancient Pure Varieties of Arabica: Typica and Bourbon

Typica

Typica is the original variety of all Arabica species. Typica originates from southern Sudan, and its mature fruit is red. This variety has relatively low yield and extremely poor disease resistance, but its excellent cupping quality still makes it popular worldwide.

Typica Coffee Varieties: Geisha, Jamaican Blue Mountain, Hawaiian Kona, Maragogipe, Sumatra Typica (Mandheling)

Blue Mountain

Produced from the Typica variety in the Blue Mountain range of eastern Jamaica, the mountains are surrounded by the Caribbean Sea. On clear days, direct sunlight hits the azure sea surface, and the peaks reflect the brilliant blue light of the seawater, hence the name Blue Mountain. The highest peak of Blue Mountain reaches 2256 meters, making it the highest peak in the Caribbean region and a famous tourist destination. Located in a seismic zone with fertile volcanic soil, fresh air without pollution, humid climate with year-round fog and rain (average precipitation of 1980mm, temperature around 27°C), such climate has created the world-renowned Jamaican Blue Mountain Coffee, which is also the second most expensive coffee in the world.