How Are Coffee Beans Grown? What Is the Growing Period of Coffee? When Is Coffee Harvested?

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The Origin of Coffee Beans

Do you know where coffee beans come from? What processes do they go through? FrontStreet Coffee will tell you~ From planting to fruiting, a coffee tree takes 3-5 years. Coffee trees aged 6-10 years are most likely to bear fruit. Approximately between 15-20 years is the harvest period.

When planting coffee trees, first use soil mixed with fertilizer as a seedbed, planting coffee beans one by one. After 3 months, when the cotyledons have transformed into true leaves, transplant them into pots for cultivation. After 6-10 months, move them to the coffee plantation, preferably at the beginning of the rainy season. To avoid direct sunlight, tall plants such as mango, banana, sunflower, and poplar can be planted for shade.

Small white flowers that smell like jasmine bloom, and several months later, fruits appear. For Arabica coffee fruits, it generally takes 6-10 months to turn from green to yellow and then to deep red. Mature fruits grow in clusters on branches, resembling cherries in both shape and color, hence they are also called "coffee cherries."

Inside the coffee cherries, there will be two tightly connected seeds, or sometimes a single round bean - these are the raw coffee beans.

Coffee Harvesting

Coffee trees begin to bear fruit about three to five years after sowing, and the subsequent twenty years are the peak production period. For harvesting convenience, farmers usually prune coffee trees to around 2 meters in height. If they grow too tall, ladders would be needed for picking, which is not only time-consuming but may also damage the tree structure due to bending branches. Coffee trees need to be planted alongside some tall shade trees, which provide shade and heat dissipation during the day and have a warming effect at night. Therefore, in coffee plantations, you can often see low bush-like coffee trees interspersed with banana trees or mango trees.

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