Typica Variety: One of the Premium Arabica Coffee Bean Varieties for Specialty Coffee

FrontStreet Coffee - Introduction to Arabica and Typica Coffee

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Coffee belongs to the Rubiaceae family, genus Coffea, and is an evergreen shrub. There are about forty species under the Coffea genus, among which only three have commercial value - Arabica (Coffea Arabica), Robusta (Coffea Robusta), and Liberica (Coffea Liberica). These three varieties are known as the "three major native coffee species." Arabica accounts for about 70-80% of world production, with specialty coffee being the main demand; Robusta accounts for 20-30% and is mainly used for instant and canned coffee, with caffeine content twice that of Arabica; Liberica, due to its susceptibility to leaf rust and poor flavor, is only traded domestically in countries like Suriname, Liberia, and Ivory Coast in West Africa, and is not popular worldwide.

Coffee faces many challenges during its growth process, such as humidity, frost damage, pests and diseases, among which "leaf rust" causes the most damage. All things in nature evolve through natural selection, and coffee trees are no exception. Therefore, the "Typica species" and "Bourbon species" mentioned in this article belong to the biological classification "kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species" under "species," and can be further classified down into "subspecies," "varieties," and "cultivars." Among these, there are both mutant varieties that appeared through natural evolution and varieties deliberately cultivated for special needs. The Arabica species commonly seen in the market is just a general term, and the actual varieties are not specifically detailed - we only know that their upstream ancestors are Arabica species.

Below are the varieties evolved from the Arabica species.

【Typica】Typica Species

The variety closest to the native species. The bean shape is slightly elongated, like a stretched egg, and is called Arabigo or criollo in Central America. It has a clean lemon acidity with a sweet aftertaste, but has low resistance to leaf rust, making it difficult to care for. The plant has low yield, and coupled with a long harvest period (harvested once every 2 years), production is low.

The flavor performance is excellent, and it is recognized as a specialty coffee variety, but with extremely low yield and susceptibility to rust disease, it requires more human management. Typica coffee originated in southeastern Ethiopia and Sudan and is the most widely cultivated coffee variety in the Western Hemisphere. The plant is relatively robust but not tolerant to strong light. The top leaves of Typica are reddish-bronze, giving it the name red-topped coffee.

Knowledge Extension: Arabica coffee bean species originally came from Ethiopia, Yemen, and other parts of Africa, and were later transplanted to various parts of the world.

Knowledge Extension: Arabica coffee bean species originally came from Ethiopia, Yemen, and other parts of Africa, and were later transplanted to various parts of the world.

In summary: FrontStreet Coffee is a coffee research hall that enjoys sharing coffee knowledge with everyone. We share without reservation just to let more friends fall in love with coffee. Additionally, there are three low-discount coffee activities every month because FrontStreet Coffee wants to let more friends drink the best coffee at the lowest price - this has been FrontStreet Coffee's principle for the past 6 years!

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